Bulgaria, Europe and the United Nations on new projects

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1. Bulgaria on a new project
Today in Bulgaria can be mentioned improvements in the performance indicators “Exports of goods”, “Low debt”, “Utilization of EU Funds”, but on many other important indicators results in recent years have been negative, for example:
* Labour productivity – in Bulgaria it has been almost 3 times lower than the average for the European Union (EU) and about 7 times under that in Ireland, which leads the ranking;
* Growth of the economy – 01.2015 – 0.9% of GDP;
* “Innovations and Environment” – Bulgaria has been the second lowest in the EU;
* The poorest country in the EU;
* Minimum wage ? Bulgaria – ? 184, Romania – ? 218, Lithuania ? ? 300;
* Minimum income in Bulgaria has been 10 times smaller than the highest minimum wage in the EU;
* The average hourly work rate for Bulgarians is paid under 4 (four) euros, Romanians are paid a little over 4 euros, Swedes and Danes ? nearly ? 40;
* “Pensions” – average in Bulgaria ? 311 BGN, Serbia ? 585 BGN, Greece ? 1825 BGN;
* Domestic consumption in Bulgaria is depressed because of the low income;
* Unemployment ? Bulgaria is above the EU average ? unemployed are 11% or 374 000 persons ? the average share of unemployment in the EU is 10%. Bulgaria ranks 8 among the countries with the highest unemployment rate ? Greece ? 25%, lowest share is that of Germany ? 5%, Austria ? 4.9%;
* The population is aging and shrinking with highest rates in the EU. For 2014 ? negative growth (born 67 000, died 109 000).
– From 1989 to 2011 the population has decreased by 1.692 million;
– It is expected by 2050 Bulgaria to remain with a population of 5 million;
– Continues the “brain drain”, remains an insufficient number of scientists, researchers and other qualified staff;
– According to the World Bank and the Institute for Market Economics in 2030 40% of the people in a working age in Bulgaria will be Roma.
The cardinal question arises ? what labor force will be the Roma, when a large part of them is ignorant and would need to work in the conditions of new technologies.
Besides, by working to help the budget for regular receiving of the pensions of future retirees?
To solve the problems of the Roma and the refugees a comprehensive concept is needed based on principle decisions of the EC (European Commission) with the appropriate regulations adopted by the National Assembly and the Council of Ministers for their compulsory application.
It is desirable that the Government of Bulgaria offer to the attention of the Commission solving of the Roma and the refugee issue, as they are typical of other EU countries (Romania, Hungary, …) and are related to funds.
* In the EU, Bulgaria ranks last on other indicators of sociological, economic and other studies.
(Data from the NSI via the Internet)
The stated negative results on the key indicators that characterize Bulgaria today, put it in a very complicated situation.
The complicated situation Bulgaria is now in, is reinforced by the fact that in this dynamically developing global world there exists and is everyday growing fierce competition at all levels.
Today, the society in which we live is in a general permanent crisis. Bulgaria, in order to come closer to the average performance of the EU states, needs to reorganize itself in a pragmatic way.
In these circumstances, Bulgaria’s exit from the universal permanent crisis require in the near future mandatory application of radical reforms to create the foundation of the new European start of the Bulgarian state on a new project (an option for consideration) which includes the following proposals set in my book “Scientific and technical achievements on the basis of computing equipment in Varna, Bulgaria, and the advanced industrial countries /1960 ? 1990/” – publishing house “Slavena”, Varna, 2010, restructured and supplemented.
“Bulgaria, in order to prosper in the future, needs to become a presidential republic with a bicameral parliament, government headed by the President, and an independent judiciary system with a supreme judicial body ? the Supreme Court!” (p. 239. Here and in the subsequent exhibition page ? is extracted from the above mentioned book).
In this respect, the United States and Switzerland which have the most modern and democratic forms of government can serve as an example.
Both countries are federated republics, have a bicameral parliament; an executive body; USA ? the President, Switzerland ? a Federal Assembly headed by the President; Head of state ? United States ? President elected through indirect elections in two rounds for 4 years. Switzerland ? President elected by the Federal Assembly by the government members for 1 year.
New state system of the Republic of Bulgaria
1.1. Head of state ? President in the conditions of a presidential republic with a bicameral parliament
A person can be elected president for not more than two mandates.
“The president, in the conditions of a presidential republic, has greater powers, including with a legislative initiative. As a result, the President guides in a more direct, immediate way the internal and external policy, protects more successfully the national interest, bears specific responsibility for the condition of the state and has a better opportunity to implement his responsible mission” (p.239)
The president in the conditions of a parliamentary republic with a unicameral parliament in Bulgaria
Art. 98 of the Constitution ? 1991, reflects the rights and the obligations of the President.
In a modest analysis one can easily prove that the powers of the President are limited, for example:
– No legislative initiative:
– According to Art. 101 of the Constitution ? 1991 he can only have a single return of a law, but the National Assembly has the right to re-adopt the same law by a majority of half the people’s representatives (PR’s):
– Other restrictions.
That is why the President in the conditions of a presidential republic has some advantage.
1.2. Legislative authority
All the legislative power is provided to the bicameral parliament.
– The bicameral parliament includes an Upper and Lower Chamber, with a proposal total number of less than 200 PRs elected with the votes ? 50% after the proportional and 50% after the majoritarian election system mandatory incl. in an electronic manner and criteria. Elections for Parliament to be recognized as legitimate by at least 50% participation of voters.
– Both Chambers represent the whole nation incl. Bulgarian citizens abroad;
– Both Chambers approve or not approve legislative initiatives of the President, other proposed laws and thus effectively achieve mutual control, exercise jointly the legislative power, as the Upper chamber, being sufficiently competent and well-intentioned, performs a corrective and deterrent function compared to the Lower chamber;
– The bicameral Parliament annually discusses and adopts reports of the management bodies of the Bulgarian National Bank and the Court and in case of any proven violations of legislative acts typical for their specific activity, should have the initiative to recall the said management bodies.
Countries with a bicameral parliament ? US, Japan, Germany, France, Italy, Poland, Romania … For example: Belgium (10 million persons), Upper Chamber ? 71 seats, Lower Chamber ? 150 seats, Total ? 221 seats.
Small states ? presidential republics with a bicameral parliament and government headed by President ? Uruguay (3,3 million, Total of PRs ? 130), Paraguay (6.4 million, total of PRs ? 125), Chile (17 million, total ? 168 PRs). (Data from Internet)
On the practical application of the legislative power in Bulgaria on can use the experience of the new democracies of the EU ? Poland, Czech Republic, Romania ….
Why an Upper Chamber is needed?
Several examples of bad results in the unicameral parliament, in this case ? the National Assembly in Bulgaria, give a categorical response in favor of the bicameral parliament.
a) Law on ownership and restoration of agricultural lands ? SG, issue 17/1991.
From 1991 to 2014 ? more than 50 annual changes in the law in question have been made (1991 ? 3 pcs.; 1992 ? 4; 1993 ? 4; 1995 ? 3; 1996 ? 3; 1997 ? 2001 the government of the United democratic forces (UDF) ? 10 amendments and so on.).
From the annual and large number of amendments it can be noted that in the preparation and adoption of the regulation in question there has been a huge lack of competence of the authors, control and durability.
b) In 2003, during the mass privatization malefactors stole thousands of investment bonds from Bulgarian citizens with proxies without notarization of the same i.e., the normative act (SG, issue 89, 2002.) consciously created favorable conditions for larceny of investment bonds.
With a letter ? response (? 667-2009), the Ombudsman of the Republic of Bulgaria confirms the above stated (proxies without notarization).
By decree Pr. 1417/04 of 2008), the Regional Prosecution Office ? Vratsa, where lawsuits were initiated much of a large number of Bulgarian citizens ? victims, ceased Penal decree 99A / 04 and sent the case to the National Investigation Service in Sofia. ?After finding the perpetrator for renewing the case.” So far response from the NIS is missing. From these examples it can be assumed as follows:
If there existed an Upper Chamber, one would achieve greater competence, legality, fairness and objectivity in the adoption, amendments and repeal of laws and other decisions of the parliament. Furthermore, there wouldn’t be created favorable conditions for illegal actions or at least the Upper chamber would limit them.
1.3. Executive authority
The executive authority is given to the president.
He is also commander of the army.
It is also needed:
– Extending to some extent the role of the state in managing the economy ? subsidizing of new industries, environmental solutions etc.
– The Bulgarian National Bank to be under financial supervision of the European Central Bank and quarterly publish in the media the state of the banking system in the country.
– The Minister of Justice to perform the functions of an Attorney General (A criminal must be pursued by the executive authority ? police, prosecutors, investigators, and not by the court, where the prosecution office is situated currently).
That is why the prosecution should be in the executive branch and to be responsible before the Bicameral parliament.
– Updating the regulations for mandates (eg mayors, district governors and others up to two terms) and conducting compulsory competitions for appointment of managers and other administrative staff in ministries, other departments, districts, municipalities etc. (regardless of any party affiliation), with emphasis on professionalism.
1.4. Judicial power
Judicial power is granted to an independent judiciary with a supreme judicial body ? the Supreme Court, which ensures the rule of law.
In Bulgaria there is justice. A lot of qualified judges work in the judicial system, so do prosecutors and investigators. Every year thousands of lawsuits are ended.
But there are also some indisputable weaknesses, as the European Commission in one of the recent report found – “Justice of the Republic of Bulgaria is weak.”
In support of the above finding one may point out a few common examples:
a) A thief of small items receives an effective sentence and a person having drained value added tax for millions of levs receives a conditional sentence;
b) For a given offense, the Original jurisdiction court (Regional Court) sentenced a guilty person to five years imprisonment and, and the Second instance court (District Court) completely annulled the decision of the first instance provided that there has really existed a breach of the law;
c) Other examples ? biased delay with many years of lawsuits for personal gain, other cases of acquittal when there is a “conflict of interest” or cases of involved officials or dignitaries, including such from the justice branch.
The proposal – “Bulgaria on a new project” – a presidential republic with a bicameral parliament, government, headed by a president and an independent judiciary with a Supreme judicial authority ? the Supreme Court, is feasible:
* on the initiative of a stable political party that would actually pursue national interests;
* a prior public debate and external consulting;
* elections for the Grand National Assembly in the near future;
* a new constitution adopted by the Grand National Assembly (Art. 158 of the Constitution ? 1991), as the active work on the preparation of texts (of the new constitution) is to be assigned to a team of experts including external consulting, and starts from that time.
Without a new Constitution and the Grand National Assembly (but first through the extremely complicated procedures on convening of the Grand National Assembly and the adoption of the new constitution) one can not carry out radical reforms in the three types of authorities ? legislative, executive and judicial.
A new constitution and Grand National Assembly ? main slogan!
The above statement is based on Art. 158 in relation to Art. 153 of the Constitution – 1991. “The powers of the Grand National Assembly are: ” Adopting a new constitution ?., adopting changes in the form of polity and government etc.”
To avoid power abuse, power has to stop power. It is therefore necessary that the new constitution met the most important principle ? the three types of authority ? legislative, executive and judicial to control each other mutually and thus achieve the very important balance of powers.
The new constitution must in each case include the following text ? amendments to the Constitution are to be adopted by two-thirds of the votes of both chambers. (Section Grand National Assembly is deleted.)
Other important factors:
– Journalists and media as the fourth power and drivers of the social progress need to become involved and initiate promotion of events for realization of the above project;
– The civil society made up of many stakeholders and organized groups with different viewpoints and causes is necessary to actively participate to implement the proposals – “Bulgaria on a new project”;
– When we live every man for himself, we can not have great success:
– Bulgaria needs not confrontation rather than reconciliation and unification of the nation in solving major problems:
– Another way out of the permanent universal crisis in Bulgaria does not exist!
– The claims that a new Constitution, Grand National Assembly, elections, a presidential republic with a bicameral Parliament …. today do not fit the agenda of the society …. no funds, and other “reasons” are not substantial.
What else is vital to be achieved through “Bulgaria on a new project,” by initiative of the executive authority?
1.5. Scientific technical and economic strategy for 20 years
“The new technical means of automation and advanced technology are becoming very important for raising the productivity of labor, for the production of competitive products and services. That is why almost all advanced industrial countries restructure their technical, technological and human resources to effective areas such as biotechnology, artificial intelligence and other, creating the prerequisites necessary for their implementation, including long-term planning, legal and other normative documents.” /page 238/
It is well known that “The production of industrial and other products based on advanced technology through long-term planning and external exports is the backbone of the economy and the economy mainly provides funds to the state budget” – the main source of health care, education, defense … /p. 236 /.
Bulgaria after 1989 /26 years already/ hasn’t had any strategies in various areas, i. e. long-term policies established by regulations for implementation.
Slow transition and integration of Bulgaria’s economy is observed along with the economies of advanced countries of the EU.
“It is therefore necessary, on the initiative of the executive authority of Bulgaria, and private business as a beginning to develop concepts and forecasts for separate industries and municipalities on the basis of new technologies for 20 years, using experts (regardless of their party affiliation), external consulting, public debate and to establish through the legislative authority a mandatory scientific ? technical and economic strategy (future structure of the economy) of Bulgaria and a mechanism which obliges all governments during that 20 – year period to implement the accepted scientific and economic strategy.
The strategies to have an emphasis on scientific research, productions and services in which Bulgaria will become one of the very good, an example in information technology, agriculture, scientific researches in medicine, tourism or other areas that bring a larger percentage of gross domestic product, livelihood of the population, restrict emigration and depopulation of the country. (p. 236-237).
“The long-term national, sectoral and territorial strategies will allow flexibility for future maneuvering with scientific, technical, economic and remaining potential of Bulgaria, by focusing on priority industries and services, utilization of the knowledge from past periods, generating new scientific knowledge and ideas and applying the most effective technical, technological and organizational solutions. ” /p. 238/
With the development of clear integration strategies (incl. medium term ? 3 ? 5 years.) and innovation policies, Bulgaria will be able to best benefit from European funds and initiatives to promote competitiveness and innovations.
After 1989, and especially after 2007 (with Bulgaria already being in the EU) all Bulgarians were waiting for a great and rapid change “from above” towards better in everything, i. e. in Waiting for Godot. And Godot has not come. But who is Godot? Does he exist it all? According to Beckett, Godot is not coming because he is not really existing and expectations are futile.
For “Waiting for Godot” – One of the great dramatic works of all times, the author Samuel Beckett received the Nobel Prize for Literature. A representative of the theater of the absurd.
Conclusion: It is time for Bulgarians, as any enterprising nations, to rely for everything on their own strengths and skills.
1.6. Long-term cooperation and competition between the state, government and private business.
“It is a long-term cooperation necessary between the public and private sector (mainly large private companies) for scientific research, priority industries and services (through contest) upon mutually advantageous economic conditions and decisions based on consensus, as the state shall provide funding (in stages) of scientific research, tax incentives, infrastructure, etc., and other private companies (large, medium and small) shall have the freedom and the initiative to independently create and implement hundreds of strategies, as well as aspiration by both parties (the government and the rest of the private business) to be in constant competition” (p. 237).
In this cooperation is necessary to emphasize on a mandatory relationship between business and science.
We will cite a part of the grounds for a proposal for scientific, technical and economic strategy initiated by initiative of the executive authority and private business:
– “Capitalism – …. The state retains its monopoly ownership right on crucial sectors and on an intervention for regulation upon breaches of the regular/even development “(25, p. 507. Here and in the subsequent statement 25 is from the list of literature to the aforementioned book, and p. 507 is the page of the literature source”);
– Franklin Roosevelt, US president from 1933 ? 1945. He became president immediately after the global economic crisis 1929-1933. Among the greatest achievements of Fr. Roosevelt, known as the “New Deal” is expanding the role of the government in managing the economy, increase of the control on companies to protect the environment, attempts to stop corruption, establishment of control of the stock market and social programs etc.;
The “New Deal” adopted and applied part of the economic theories of John Keynes;
– John Keynes / 1883 – 1946 / John Keynes is considered the founder of modern microeconomics, as well as the most influential economist of the 20th century. According to John Keynes demand – consumption is the basis of the expansion of production. He argues for government intervention through the use of financial and monetary measures to mitigate the economic recession, ie stimulate the economy with the help of the state;
– The global economic crisis in 2007 caused the revival of Keynesianism. Keynesianism is part of the economic policies of President Barack Obama ? support financial and insurance institutions with funds.
* The state, the company, the enterprise,… to function effectively, it is necessary to have perfect planning, reporting, monitoring, analysis and regulation.
* “The patronizing protective function the state has always exercised in the development of the Japanese economy (public and private sector) continues to the present day” (56, p. 79);
* State property, just like private property, can be effective, for example: Austria supports an economy of prosperity, as the majority of its industrial assets are state-owned in the past 60 years.
* Advanced industrial countries are working on long-term development programs, for example: Germany until 2030, US and China etc ? until 2050.
1.7. International cooperation with advanced industrial countries.
Needed is an “International cooperation with advanced industrial countries ? USA, Japan, leading EU countries ? Germany, France, Italy, … as well as with China, Russia etc.” (p. 237)
The cooperation may find expression, for example, with:
– Germany ? fundamental research through joint companies using: The scientific potential of the institutes of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, universities, other institutes and laboratories; the newly delivered in Bulgaria, unique for Eastern Europe supercomputer IBM ? Blue Gene /p with 8192 microprocessors that can work on tasks of nuclear physics, molecular biology, medicine and other fields;
– France ? Europe’s best model in the field of agriculture;
* Japan ? exportation of various industries from Japan and establishing plants in Bulgaria for these industries, so for example with the company NEC (Nippon Electric), which produces semiconductors in Ireland and Scotland. In 1986. the US had 545 Japanese factories with more than 100 thousand American workers; Specializing in manufacturing of part of the technical means of automation, for example, with “Fanuc” for industrial robots, and with “Fujitsu” ? for computing and other equipment, including joint projects for flexible automated manufacturing systems (FAMS), their integration in Bulgaria and export to Balkan and other countries.
* Other forms of mutually beneficial cooperation with other countries according to the national interest.
1.8. Heads of scientific ? technical progress and other areas
“If we accept the allegation that the progress of the advanced industrial countries is based on the scientific and technical progress and that the human potential of a nation is a crucial factor for the prosperity of a country, that means that the scientific ? technical progress at all levels is to be guided by competent people with great erudition by systematically seeking new forms for the selection of personnel and improvement of its management, including in small countries.
One of these forms is:
– recruiting talented students from elite universities to participate in contests for appointment at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and other research units, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Economy, other government departments, organizations and private companies. Talented students ranked and recruited in the above institutions for 15 ? 20 years, after having received high qualifications in various fields, possessing business skills, only afterwards to be offered a leading position in the high authorities ? legislative, executive, judiciary, as leaders of political parties, managers of structuring enterprises, corporations, firms, other leadership positions.”
“Leaders at all levels, and of course the rest of the nation, ever since childhood, need to get education including on the basis of “The Ten Commandments” (in the family, church, and school, and later on at work) of morality, knowledge and discipline “.
It is recommended that “the young generation follow the path of idealism” with ambition ? to achieve perfection, including of the public, and not the path of materialism characterized by selfishness and greed.
In this connection it is very important to realize a Unified State program for high moral qualities (p. 235)
1.9. Unified state program for high moral qualities
“One needs to put an emphasis on the importance of moral values for the development of the Bulgarian nation, for example through realization of a Unified state program for high moral qualities ? sincerity, honesty, frankness, reverence, loyalty, collectivism (all Bulgarians united for the national interest) devotion to the Bulgarian state and the company we work for and raising their prestige.” (p. 236)
The proposed program will be supplemented by the invited participation of the Holy Synod and the managements of other religious communities in order to recover, and in some places create (in stages) new religious schools and choirs for children to temples, as well as other events for education over the next 20 years, for example: Implementation in public and private schools of a subject for mandatory study (not as an optional subject) of the various religions.
Conclusion
“A presidential republic with a bicameral parliament, a government headed by a president and an independent judiciary with a supreme judicial body being the Supreme Court, European legislation, scientific ? technical and economic strategy based on advanced technologies, synergies among the state, private business and state-owned enterprises on the basis of the national interest, active international cooperation with advanced industrial countries, a unified state program for high moral qualities of the Bulgarian nation, a lot of gray matter, the ability to risk, greater diligence, discipline and loyal relations with counterparties are the basis on which it is necessary to develop the prosperous future Bulgaria.” (p. 239).
Only to the young generation of intelligent Bulgarians having received their higher education and specialized in their homeland and in advanced industrial countries with the necessary professional experience, as well as to the rest of the young generation, filled with patriotic revival feelings, belongs the right and the great historic role and responsibility, regardless of the necessary financial resources, labor and time, to create in the near future the foundations of the new European start of the Bulgarian state on a new project.
Bulgaria, having fulfilled these proposals, will meet the requirements for membership in the United States of Europe of (UES), the most prospective and proper solution for a state system of Europe.
P.S.
In the article “… The young generation to follow the path of idealism …” it is a vision/standpoint of Yordan Yordanov (in 1945), and “Leaders, and of course the rest of the nation, ever since childhood, need to get education including on the basis of “The Ten Commandments” … is the vision/standpoint of Dr. Dancho Yordanov (in 1974).
2. Europe on a new project
Concerning the future of Europe, of interest are the views of world famous geo political scientists Brzezinski and Friedman:
– “The leaders of the “European Community for the production of steel and coal” from the 50s, was ever then perceived as the basis for a future European federation”.
– “Such a federation would also solve the German problem by integrating Germany with Europe …” (p. 174, George Friedman, vol. “The next 10 years,” HCM Media, Sofia, 2011).
– “… Only a Europe tied to America is able to head confidently to East engaging Russia in historically close relations.”
– … “Europe, continuing to be an ally of America, may in fact become a player of global significance” (p. 208: 215, Zbigniew Brzezinski, vol. “Strategic Vision” Obsidian, Sofia, 2012).
Both in Europe and in the rest of the world there is an ongoing process of decentralization and strengthening of nationalism /typical for the XVIII century/. That’s why the EU, on a new project (an option for consideration) needs to oppose the above trend through revision, repudiation of the Maastricht treaty (1992) and the Lisbon Treaty (2007), restoring the idea of a European Constitution (2004) and gradual unification of Europe by creating United States of Europe (USE) on a federal principle based on the existing EU, at a common foreign and defense policy: a single currency: equality of states, without “two-speed”: equal ceilings on government debt compared to GDP, budget deficit, strict financial surveillance …, using the so far existing EU achievements and the experience in specific areas of the best countries in EU rather than the EU to continue to exist primarily as a Free Trade Zone.
The unification of Europe by creating USE, can actually be implemented on the initiative of the Federal Republic of Germany as one of the leading economic powers in the world (4th place in terms of GDP) and an undisputed leader of the European countries, which commitment and great responsibility will lead to success of the European integration based on the rule of law.
It is possible that in perspective rapidly growing and competitive Asian markets ? China, Japan, India …. also cause and accelerate the formation of USE. In the West, after centuries of anti-authoritarianism fight, there appeared the values of democracy, freedom, equality and world power. It is necessary in the future to continue this struggle more actively in order for the above stated values to be “exported” and accepted, though after some time (to sacrifice sovereignty and self-awareness) by the rest of the world.
With the unification of Europe through USE Europe will more quickly regain the dominant power and influence in the world from the XIX and XX centuries and in the XXI century will establish its new role model.
P.S. Europe
– Over 10 million sq. km., including E.U. covers over 4 million sq. km.
– Population 713 million people (10% of the world population), including E.U. 500 million people (7% of the world population).
If Europe get united, it is going to become the third largest population in the world (following China and India), trending to be one of the most powerfull countries.
 
3. UN on a new project
According to Brzezinski, a prominent geopolitician: “Today’s world … experiences a need of something to stand above the national state in order to establish universal peace … to spread everywhere the fruits of science and technology … All this can be achieved … , if nation states be encouraged to cooperate within the context of a larger community …
 
In order to institutionalize the emergence of such global community, one should develop new forms of cooperation, trilateral relations among the three richest and democratic groups of countries in the world – Europe, America and East Asia (mostly Japan): these relations should be deployed through the United Nations …  Only in …the United Nations (UN) the problems of humanity can be collectively put … and with conversion of its structure to would become more adequate to the realities of global power. .. “(p. 223: 226, Zbigniew Brzezinski, vol. “Out of control, Global disarray on the eve of the XXI century” Obsidian, Sofia, 1994).
 
Today it can be assumed that in the future there wouldn’t be a country super power in the world or a group of several large countries that would usurp the right to solve regional and other disputes.
 
Given the above assumption it is reasonable and necessary to increase the authorities of the UN.
 
In the future, only the United Nations to resolve with the hope of successful global and regional problems of the planet Earth and humanity.
 
 
3.1. Globalization
 
These days such a particularly topical issue of global importance to solve is globalization.
 
Let we briefly recall the characteristics of globalization as a multidimensional entirety of social processes and to facilitate readers (if they so wish) to shape and express their own position to increase the authorities of the UN and answer the cardinal question whether there are any reasons for the inclusion of globalization in the prerogatives of the UN ?
 
Definition: “Globalization is a process of integration of world culture, economy, infrastructure through transnationalinvestments, rapid development of communications and information technologies and the impact of the forces of the free market on regional and national economies” (p. 277, Bulgarian encyclopedia BAS ed. “Trud”, Sofia, 2007).
 
The historical roots of globalization are the subject of much controversy. Some scholars argue that globalization has existed for three millennia BC.
 
Others believe that the beginning was in the XX century, e.g. The Map from 1901 of the Eastern Telegraph Company of the US with its sub ocean telegraph cabling is an example of modern globalizing technology.
 
Others argue that it has begun in the late 20th century. With intensifying international economic cooperation, the creation of transnational corporations, the emergence of new scientific and technical developments, such as the Internet. Today Internet is the best tool for quick access to information and perfectly symbolizes globalization.
3.2. Political dimensions of globalization
The amendments relate to the expansion of political relations worldwide.
As a result of globalization, state governments face difficulties because of the role and the activity of international organizations which somewhat breach their sovereignty. International organizations are mainly: WB (World Bank), the IMF (International Monetary Fund), WTO (World Trade Organisation) …
 
3.3. The economic dimension of globalization
The dimensions relate to the distribution of economic relations worldwide.
Liberalization + integration of markets = globalization.
The economic dimension of globalization expresses in the inflated role of the WB, IMF, WTO …
 
3.4. Globalization of the financial system and world trade
In the second half of the XX century e-commerce through the shopping centers and financial markets has been realized worldwide and has had a permanent character. The internationalization of trade is conducted simultaneously with liberalization of financial transactions.
 
3.5. Cultural dimensions of globalization
The dimensions relate to the expansion of cultural flows worldwide. It significantly contributes to the change in people’s minds. Cultural flows are guided/managed by media corporations, and are based on high communication technologies.
 
Here are particularly important languages – English, German, French, Spanish, Chinese …and their preservation. In the future the number of languages is tending to decrease.
 
“Globalization is primarily the destruction of the protected national market. Customs barriers are falling. Investments, production and consumption internationalize … Transnational companies want excessive profits in the unregulated global market … In “The Wealth of Nations,” Adam Smith stresses on the importance of the two main mechanisms through which free market exchange is implemented – moral values of the community, order and the law imposed … by the state as universally binding norms of market behavior … “. (Assoc. Prof. Ognyan Minchev – geopolitician, Head of the Department of Political Science at Sofia University “Kl. Ohridski” and director of the Institute for regional and international studies, Sofia).
 
Neoliberalism is a stream in political economy in the 30s of XX c., reviving the liberalism of A. Smith (1723 -1790) and D. Ricardo (1772-1823) who viewed market as a balance between supply and demand. Neoliberalism is directly linked to globalization and is for full freedom of monopolies, of competition and non-interference of the state and economy. Unlike Keynesianism, it holds on to government intervention in economy through financial and monetary measures. Keynesianism emerged as the best economic system in XX century. Today, Keynesianism also finds its application.
 
3.6. Globalists and opponents
 
Globalists are mostly businessmen, political leaders …
 
According to the globalists globalization is useful for all of the mankind.
Opponents of globalization are intellectuals, rural activists … Most of them are determined primarily as particularisms’, another part as Universalists protectionists …
 
Those losing from globalization are industrial and other workers, owners of small businesses …
 
The dispute between globalism and its opponents is realized in practice through protests organized in 2000 in Washington, Prague … in 2001 in Davos, London, Genoa and other cities.
 
Opponents of globalization are against the neoliberal nature of globalization, free trade, multinational corporations … They consider that globalization would lead to loss of national self-determination and culture, even greater inequality, more unemployment and environmental destruction.
 
Opponents offer a review of the merits of the whole content and management of globalization.
 
 
3.7. In the XXI century planet Earth and humanity are facing many complex challenges, which are elements of globalization, such as:
 
 
– Destruction of biodiversity.
Experts predict that after 50-60 years the majority of plant and animal species would disappear.
 
– Global Warming
In the last hundred years the global temperature has risen by over one degree. In the future, the increase in the average temperature and the melting of polar ice will increase ocean and sea levels, and much of the coastal areas will be flooded and damaged.
 
– Uncontrolled population growth (Restriction of arbitrary reproduction of the population)
Population growth has been particularly strong in Asia and Africa. To some extent this may be linked to the claims of Thomas Malthus (1766 – 1834) that “… there exist eternal natural laws of population, according to which people reproduce in geometric progression and livelihoods – in arithmetic progression”. As a result the excess population growth, there naturally emerge problems with its poverty and feeding. This is especially true for countries that rely on feeding the population mainly with agricultural products of own production.
 
Migrant crises themselves are also mostly due to the excess population growth.
 
Migrants can be identified with these statements:
 
Migrants from Asia and Africa:
 
– can not be completely integrated, for example in Europe, except for a small part, because they are very religious, conservative and blood associated with another culture since childhood. Therefore the striving of each country (especially in Asia and Africa) is to raise the standard of living of its population in order to limit naturally the migrant process and its bringing within normal limits;
 
– may resolve partly the demographic issues within a given country that has accepted them. General solution to the demographic issue is primarily in the hands of the state and at this, mainly through financial incentives for couples. In the spontaneous, uncontrolled influx of migrants in different countries intractable problems arise relating to their accommodation, feeding, health care, education, job vacancies, building walls at the borders, new reception centers for migrants …
Arrived migrants inadvertently create tension among local population and conditions for strengthening the activities of populist parties that offer nationalism and significantly ruin the achievements in the field of federalism, as is the case for example in Europe in 2015. Refugees and displaced people around the world, fleeing poverty, including conflicts in 2015 are 65 million, approximately 50% of them are children.
 
– Reduction of economic inequality between developed and developing countries
Many studies have found that the ratio of income between the richest and poorest countries is growing systematically in favor of rich countries. This phenomenon is especially true for the past 25 years.
 
In 2015 the world was inhabited by 2 473 billionaires who controlled 3.9 percent of the planet wealth. They owned over 7.7 trillion dollars.
 
1/3 are from Europe (806 persons) – $ 2.3 trillion, North America (628 persons) – 25% of the wealth. Asia (645 persons) – $ 1.7 trillion, Africa (41 persons) – $ 98 billion. 70% of the billionaires hold bachelor’s degree, 22 % have a master degree and 8% are doctors of science (mediapool.bg, 8.VIII.2016)
 
Subjects who invent, deploy and operate new technologies naturally receive a larger share of the total income of globalization, but at the new design and management of globalization, built on the basis of fairness, it is essential that consumers – buyers in the global market also received much more than they used to at the old project of globalization because they are an essentially important factor for increasing economic growth.
 
Globalization covers both the so far stated and other areas of public life – science, security, manufacturing …
 
3.8. Based on the brief characteristic of globalization one can make the following major findings:
 
– Globalization has its future thanks to the markets that have a constant trend of expansion and dynamism of technology that can not be stopped;
 
– Globalization is the result of constantly increasing labor productivity and maximum willingness of companies to increase profit margins using technology, capital and markets;
 
– In the globalization of greatest importance are large countries because of their strong economic, financial, scientific-technical and military potential;
 
– Globalization has changed politics, economy, culture … In this regard there immediately arises the first question, for example is that the end coming of the traditional parties when today populist parties win electoral votes and whether they would be able to offer and implement more effective government policy in a given country ?
– Populism by impossible promises mislead and manipulate ordinary people, especially during election campaigns. Today this unwanted, but almost a mass phenomenon is on the rise, even goes into ultra-populism and is characterized by both large and small country’s. That because arises reasonable question whether it is possible populism to be stifled by law (to be held responsible) or by other means to in any country ?
 
– Globalization necessitates … restoration of the role of the state as a subject of effective public policies and strategies aimed at changes in the public interest … In the transition to an open society as possible balances between market, state and civil society, which will raise political debate and will revive different approaches to politics (Assoc. Prof. Ognyan Minchev – geopolitician);

– International treaties on environmental protection are a good remedy for the ecological disaster, as well as the new project of globalization is too great hope for a new, more equitable global order, but due to lack of an authority over all states, their implementation remains without sufficient control and demand of accountability in case of default by separate entities;
 
– Globalization is necessary to be used as the most important instrument for the realization of a new world order;
 
– Young people who are the future of individual nations prefer to live in a global world, but are obliged to adopt the traditions, culture … of their country of residence.
 
 
3.9. Positions of geopoliticians, presidents and specialistsconcerning improving world order
 
– “The United States will have to show perseverance and patience in creating constructive relations with Russia and China. US is no longer a supreme power in the world, but none of the other major countries is such a power. Washington should push for the change in the balance of world powers’ (Zbigniew Brzezinski, art. “Towards a new world realignment”, http://www.mediapool.bg, 21.IV.2016).
 
– “… to those nations that are against us (USA) … let us never fear to negotiate. The essential problems which the world faces these days are not liable to a military solution “(John  Kennedy (1917 – 1963)., President of the United States, vol. “Thoughts, speeches ….” publishing house “Fama”, 2006).
 
– One really promising vision ever since 230 years – “One day, after the example of the United States of America will emerge the United States of Europe” (George Washington (1732 – 1799), The first US president).
 
– Liberal democracy of Western type puts four ideas foremost: Human Rights. Liberalism. Individualism, Market economy.
 
– China, without going through the Western type liberal democracy has taken second place in the world for gross domestic product (after the US).
 
– Today the UN has 192 registered member states of which several predominantly large countries in different periods unilaterally or with its satellites with power redistribute part or parts of the world by struggling tirelessly for territory and power and create tension in various regions of the world.
 
In the more distant future the world should not live even in local wars!
 
– Examples from history to rule over the whole world has been the ambition of Genghis Khan (1155 – 1227) … The Roman and other empires … of Hitler (1889 – 1945), but they have always ended in failure as empires eventually reach self-destruction.
 
Today the biggest problem faced by the UN and all countries is how to stifle the ones similar to Hitler?
 
 
 
3.10. Based on the findings concerning globalization and positionsof geopoliticians, presidents and specialists for improving the world order, one can make a classification of ther following important proposals:
 
– Organization of an International Conference on UN reform on a new project (Option for consideration). The conference is imperative to be organized in the near future on the initiative of a large country and would achieve a global political consensus among part the other large and optimal number of medium and small states – representatives from different continents.
 
If so wishes, the present management of the UN may initiate the aforementioned conference.
 
– Reforming the United Nations on a new project (Option for consideration) emerged as an authoritative supreme authority, institution over all countries with powers to solve global and regional problems of mankind and ensure global security having the needed diplomatic and military resources. Reforming the UN needs to be done in the first half of the XXI century.
 
The current practice in the United Nations with the participation of only large countries, for example in the SS (Security Council) with 5 permanent members, does not give the best results.
 
Representative countries of different continents in the International Conference and the United Nations on a new project would be the most effective option, a condition for making the relatively most objective and fair solutions to global problems of humanity depending on the various interests of the countries with the aim of achieving prosperity of the whole planet, but depending on the skills and labor efforts put in by individual countries …
 
 
For the successful practical implementation of the reformed UN functions it is necessary that:
 
– Update of the constitution and restructuring of the UN, for example of the SC, to become bicameral by includeing new permanent members. Germany, Japan, India … and optimal number of medium and small states – representatives of all continents. The decisions in the SC to be taken with 2/3 of the vote of both chambers without the right of “veto”. Now the rightof “veto” of the SC actually blocks most of the proposed draft resolutions, most likely due to political, economic and other interests.
 
Similar improvements can be also made in other organizational structures in order to make the UN activities even more effective, such as humanitarian work;
 
– The senior posts in the UN to be occupied through a contest by persons aged far from their retirement age up to one and exceptionally for two terms;
 
– Inclusion of globalization in the prerogatives of the UN as an exclusiveright for discussion, decision and control of essiential importance. The proposal seems absurd, but that’s only at first sight …
 
– The US, EU (European Union) … to have the initiative in the near future to propose a new project of globalization taking into account previous results from the application of globalization, to reconsider its neoliberal nature,claims lodged by the World Economic Forum in Davos and the desire of other opponents. The new project of globalization to have laid down the use of the mechanisms for implementation of free-market exchange – moral values of the community, law and order imposed by the state as universally binding standards of market conduct.
 
The new project of globalization, adopted at the United Nations will contribute to the achievement of a new global order based on the fair distribution of global wealth among large, medium and small countries and reduction of economic disparity between developed and developing countries;
 
– Military industrial complexes, communication giants, media conglomerates, biotech and other large companies is imperative to actively take participation in the creation and implementation of the new project of globalization and make a compromise desired by opponents;
 
– The state, under globalization, is necessary to retain control over health, education, culture, infrastructure, security, including creating favorable conditions for the existence of trade union movement, to attract investors and raise living standards of its population with the striving comparable to that of progressives democratic countries. Providing its sovereignty including by supranational companies, undoubtedly with some reduction of part of the so far classic functions, as well as maintaining its religious identity.
 
– The reformed UN:
 
– To assist countries for mandatory obtaining ever since childhood of education of any nation concerning morality, knowledge and discipline by introducing in state and private schools subjects for compulsory study (and not as free selectable subjects) of moral values and of the main types of religions;
 
– To propose to countries measures (including a regulation) and to oversee the limitation of immigrants, as well as to create security zones to prevent sporadic, indiscriminate invasion of immigrant flows, as the threat of invasion of immigrants today is immediate and in the future it might probably have a permanent nature;
 
– To affect the countries to include mentally ill people in their budget funds for mandatory examination and durable treatment. Today in the world there are 450 million mentally ill people (mediapool.bg, 10.X.2016). They are a major source of unpredictable aggression;
 
– To offer rich countries to finance measures to create conditions of detention of immigrants in countries mainly from Asia and Africa which are the largest source of immigrants, as well as the rich countries to take a greater number of migrants in their countries;
 
– To plan and regulate the movement of immigrants under normal conditions in different countries, as immigrants should be obliged to integrate into the national state, that has adopted them and to not attempt to impose another culture;
 
– to oblige states to implement the decisions of the UN in effect, exercising systematic control and demand of responsibility for default on contracts for ecological disaster, the new project of globalization, other important treaties and the law of the United Nations in case of refusal to be enforced (the decisions);
 
– as an institution over all states its is not a global government;
 
– would be able to realize substantially a new order on the planet Earth, where decisions are taken on the basis of objectivity and fairness which maintain order in society;
 
– For countries settling their differences by force it is necessary to have legal prohibitions based on international legal standards for the implementation by the International Court of Justice. In observance of the laws – to exist the equality – equal liability of small and big states;
 
– Other proposals towards a better future.
 
3.11. The activities of the reformed United Nations on a new project would have received the following alleged favorable outcome:
 
Achieving through moderation to rule the world; Limiting the big countries of their imperial ambitions and rivalries of more territory and power; Reducing the number of local wars and rivalries on ethnic grounds; Removal of international corruption schemes, including offshore financial centers for tax disguises of corporations and wealthy individuals; Eradicating terrorism; Control over population growth and attempting to regulate it; The movement of immigrants to be planned and regulated; Equitable distribution of global wealth; Positive solutions in the field of ecology; Solving problems of cultural, economic, social and humanitariannature; Promoting freedom, democracy, human rights, scientific and technical progress, as well as of other elements of globalization; Ensure universal and lasting peace.
 
Upon a conscious attitude and sense of responsibility of the leadership of the United Nations on a new project and the governments of democratic countries it is very likely to make the same to exercise due care of the planet Earth by putting things in order for the benefit of the future generations.
 
One of the purposes of this article is to assist and encourage discussion on the establishment of:
 
•    New Bulgaria – a presidential republic with a bicameral parliament, government, controlled by the president and achivement of results on key indicators of an average European level;
•    New Europe – adoption of the most modern and democratic form of polity and governance – United States of Europe and its establishment as one of the global powers;
•    New UN – reorganized into an institution over all national countries capable to successfully solve by itself global and regional problems in the XXI century.
 
I most heartily thank the founders of this site for giving me the opportunity as an ordinary citizen (after 85 years of impressions and experience) to express freely my position on various issues in the article “Bulgaria, Europe and the United Nations on new projects. ”
 
Sincerely, the Author
 
The author, Goran Yordanov (born in 1931) is from the city of Varna
 
Education completed in the University of Economics – Varna
 
Additional qualifications:
– Company training IBM branch Vienna, Austria;
•    Center for executive staff – Sofia.
– Chief expert on financial and accounting issues.
–  American Business Practice – US Corps of Piece
 
Worked over 20 years as a designer of automated control systems based on computing equipment and Head of the Research Center on a unified system of social information. Project department – Programming – Implementation at the Territorial Center of statistics, Varna.
Author of the book “Scientific and technical achievements using computing equipment in Varna, Bulgaria, and the advanced industrial countries”, articles in magazine “Research Center on a unified system of social information” etc.